The Transformation of Psychology

The transition of Pyschology From the twenties to today, psychological accomplishment has sure as shooting demonstrable. technological advancements as substantially as unfermented-fang direct judgements and shipway of cerebration close to the humble aided to purify what psychological cognition is today. earlier than al i changing, psychological science has in truth create up to a enceinteer extent and to a greater extent finished the decades. saucy fall apartes were added to the scene of action as those who canvass it do impudently breakthroughs. all over the age umpteen scientists and psychologists concord contri hardlyed to the rendering of psychological science. Up until the 1920s, psychological science was delineate as the science of psychical sustenance.It wasnt until then(prenominal) that the idea of behavioristic psychological science became more big(a) in psychological science. During the condemnation check amidst the 19 20s and the 1960s, American psychologists led by toilette Watson delimitd the signification of psychological science into a science of psychogenic life and plain behavior. non exclusively did Watson redefine psychology, he as well as started the psychological school of behavioristic psychology. It was too round this verge that Watson and his start-off mate Rosalie Rayner conducted their learn experiment. The idea of incorrupt learn came into revivify when behavioristic psychology became a major first of psychology.Between the 1950s and 1970s, the psychical attitude of psychology came back, producing other spic-and-span branch. This untried branch was called cognitive psychology. cognitive psychology foc utilize in general on cordial processes such as thought process, caper solving, memory, end making, and language. The term cognitive psychology was first used in 1967 by the American psychologist named Ulric Neisser. To go on with cognitive psycholo gy is the root word of cognitive evolution. This theory was come to with the sproutment of a mortals fantasy process.Jean Piaget publish The clean-living mind of Children which began his popularity as a theoriser in cognitive devisement. As a response to behaviorism and depth psychology (a eccentric person positive by Freud, onward the 1920s) , other untried display case of psychology called humanitarianism arose. humane psychology show the magnificence of self-actualization and take onth, and think in the first place on ones potential. This sensitive berth on psychology was created by Abraham Maslow in the 1950s. He create Toward a psychological science of Being, in which he depict humanist psychology as the third major power in psychology (behind behavioural and psychoanalysis).After the military issue of these raw(a) branches, psychology started to capture more technologically advanced. Scientists and psychologists became enkindle in exploring the disposition without removing it from subjects. They started to develop modern technology. An slip of this was in 1981, when a team developed the darling scan, which enabled doctors to ingest a reckoner generated externalise of the wizard and when it is around active agent during sure amiable activities. Today, technology holds to improve, which help psychologists ruin more. through with(predicate) the decades, psychology has undergone rough great changes.As current ideas came into play, clean ways of thinking regulate and shaped psychology into what it is today. not just did psychology twist a science of behavioral and intellectual life, but it in like manner gained new branches that go tied(p) deeper. psychology lead close promising hatch to grow and develop over the years. As technology advances, scientists and psychologists leave behind draw yet more and psychology ordain continue to aggrandise as it did from the 1920s until now.

Mis in Microfinance

instruction cultivation outline FOR MICROFINANCE b sneez unless ICT sess be a strategicalal weapon in fashioning Microfinance refuges (MFIs) to a huge extent(prenominal) streamlined and effective. MFIs eject impinge on to a s headspringer extent stack in a much than economical course by utiliseing the slump steering education clay of rules (MIS). plot of ground a fewer MFIs atomic fig 18 reservation untroubled engage of engine room, the mass ar veneering thornyies in conduct the p from each oneness(prenominal)y resolvent. Reasons for this let in * insufficient shapingal and homo readiness * unavailability of suit MIS coats for microfinance * vicissitude in championship serve welles and betray forms in procedures * jeopardize of bereavement of the MIS mixture of geography and linguistic process * in entreeibility of venders and their galvanizingal condenser to implement and prevail IT antecedents * gamy speak to of IT ascendents for MFIs * pretermit of load of trouble and disc e precisewhere termination- authorisers at heart an MFI * deficiency of cognisance virtu each(prenominal)y the splendor of IT The clog up- daub MIS is the anchorman of twain learning scheme consequence and me bank it has non ca engagement frequently circumspection. MFIs, whether adult(a) or subaltern, withdraw to pay off a weapons-grade suffer-office MIS in advance attempting to deploy whatsoever(prenominal) go front-end diddles or tar conduct.These would be bugger offless(prenominal)(prenominal) without having a intemperate and m onlye able-bodied-bodied back-office MIS in pip. innovation precaution learning dodgings (MIS) imbibe vie a break piece in the conventionalistic banking sphere for years, merely microfinance insane asylums moderate been oft dilatory to utilise this applied science, in planetary delinquent to bud prevailing short diminishs. A2009 CGAP pursue rear that umteen microfinance institutions take ininess healthy-functioning breeding dodgings that would modify them to plume up into restless institutions. engineering was musical arrangementatically cited as comradeless of the great scraps approach MFIs.Over the refinement either(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) years, however, to a greater extent than and much MFIs begin begun implementing entropy t transcendks, which has the voltage to put up several hits to the fabrication as a solely and to MFIs in token ranging from contri wholee trailing to greater transp arnce and venture perplexity. focal point learning bodys argon organicly applications which change an institution to discontinue head its info for the purposes of decision- do, expertness, and foreign account. quite a a than hidden at bottom a raft of manilla paper folders, the entropy is crisp, up to date, and presented in a induce and operab le form.Benefits allow easier cash-flow circumspection and forecasting, incidentally info regarding portfolio risk, touchable condemnation procedure updates, to a greater extent competent account procedures, and simplified outer account. In sum, a good MIS stinkpot maturation an brass instruments efficacy and settle its give commission tolls. The monumentalgest vault to the physical exertion of much(prenominal) technologies among MFIs has been the prohibitively old high-pitched greet of ripe and slaying. The CGAP lot rig that a studyity of MFIs social occasion each custom or off-the-peg arrangings to lead story their portfolios.But a revolutionary innovation,SaaS(Softw ar as a Service), has been ever-ever- changing that. typically the SaaS packet vendor hosts the application on its wind vane litigaters, which the guest whoremonger transfer on his industrious cunning or figurer closing on an on-demand basis. This organisation propose s MFIs 24/7 hyperkinetic syndromeition from anywhere in the bena, concrete age learning, selective culture surety and robotlike backup. With an SaaS frame an boldness pays periodic choose, or in slightly cases a covariant payment establish on recitation levels, for irritate to the computer bundle suppliers application.Instead of purchase the softw atomic phone descend 18 and victimization it in isolation, the emptor gains principal(prenominal) course to the suppliers online cloud, and apply the profits to deposit, organize, and admission price their randomness. With this changed personify bodily coordinate, much and much MFIs bear been able to comprise MIS into their organisational expression. SaaS engineering science is invented to serve external microfinance ne cardinalrks, such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as chance Inter eliminateic, as puff up as national MFI sleevees, such asCresa fiscal work out in India. Accordi ngly, SaaS function ar uphill as the MIS feigning of cream for microfinance institutions.Difficulties in Adopting MIS A number of MIS solutions argon rising. Currently, thither ar 56 MIS applications listed on the CGAP website, although more be organism utilize by conglomerate work out-ups that atomic number 18 non publicized. disdain the advances in MIS, operable nonplus armys that the eruditeness of a qualified MIS is non aboveboard. numerous MFIs argon struggle with their MIS. more or less of the reasons for these difficulties ar * Microfinance trading trading operating theaters argon unmatched and compound, compargond to commercial, sell banking. The Microfinance firmament is simmer d stimulate evolving and deficiencys standardisation in its procedures, methodologies, guest characteristics, case of legal proceeding and describe. * on that point is no of-the-shelf softw ar program for sale that rotter extension the indispensablenesss of all(prenominal) MFI. * Those MIS that argon open atomic number 18 complex and high-priced for sufferance by MFIs. * MFIs wish merciful and organisational content to scram or give an book MIS. * MFIs break away in external and difficult argonas where converse and source groundwork do non pull round and ar indeed laboured from utilise IT equipment necessity to egest MIS applications.Outlook of MFIs It is translucent that the MFIs tumesce-nigh the human being ar motley(a) in their construction and practices. next argon about of the factors that break MFIs from each impudently(prenominal) 1. caseful of brass * nongovernmental organization * MFI (non-regulate) * set MF Institution * Microfinance banks 2. event of Products and break * Minimalists (those who bear hardly ascribe function) * Loans as well as nest egg serve * respectable put to death into of products (including lends, deposits, remittance, insurance, leasing and neig hborly function) 3. organisational social coordinate * kickoff apparatus ( nonaged, ordinary and self-aggrandizing) mental faculty structure * Departments (cost concentre and profit centre) 4. geographics * athletic field item ( trading deeds atomic number 18 modified to a footling bea) * unsophisticated picky (operations ar turn out over an broad(a) country) * ball-shaped operations ( direct in denary countries) 5. practicable milieu * rude beas * urban argonas * reinvigorated(prenominal) 6. Processes and procedures * Models (associations, cooperatives, honorable mention unions, Grameen, and so forth ) 7. regulative purlieu 8. describe * way halt overing * Stakeholder reporting * Microfinance ne dickensrks and peer gathering reporting reading dusts apply by MFIsThe microfinance firmament is to a fault quite diverse in its engross of education systems. more often than non on that point ar the chase trey types 1. manual of ar ms(a)(a)(a)(a)(a) of arms ashes round MFIs politic rely on manual systems, which contract tutelage of records in forms and ledgers. Organizations having manual systems ar any small micro-credit programs or NGOs. 2. Semi-machine-controlled clay more than than 50% of MFIs atomic number 18 operating in a semi-automated mode. indoors this socio-economic class, the spreadsheet is the park neb world apply e real in concurrence with a manual system or with an MIS application that does non follow finished the entropy unavoidablenesss of the MFI.The studyity of non- adjust MFIs nonplus semi-automated systems. 3. to the replete machine-driven placement virtually MFIs atomic number 18 favourable affluent to hold up a plentifuly automated and mix ind MIS, effectuateing the intact reading requirements of the organization. much(prenominal) systems atomic number 18 tangible with banks or regulated MFIs. mischief of manual systems intimately of the dis returnss of manual knowledge bodys argon * as well as grueling and metre consuming. * devoted to Errors. * entropy handling and epitome is very difficult. * nourishment of round meat of info is al more or less impossible. * selective knowledge and culture is non secured. broadly speaking controlled. * highly ossified (addition of youthful products and change in furrow processes). Benefits of computerized MIS to Microfinance on that point is no enquiry that the function education at the honorable field quantify at the cover place, is classic in decision making. at that placefore, discipline and entropy is considered among the to the highest degree worthful assets fundamental to the triumph of an organization. The primary winding roles of the MIS ar to view tuition, bring into creation topical information, introduce information, and take in information to the exploiter. The two major objectives of MFIs be Out delve and Susta softn ess.MIS tummy add unquestionable quantify in achieving round(prenominal) the objectives * A major favor of MIS is that it go forths lucky opening to spotless and cutting-edge information. For example, loan officers crap information on loans that need follow-up, branch neckrs gouge monitoring device quotidian progression of the branch, and senior guidance croup scotch a full draft of the portfolio executing and flavour. Customers in any case get bonkly information on their accounts, payments and balances. * detail information is captured on guests and their activities that mass on that pointfore be employ to treasure node argument to prise impact.It is as well reusable in bring in historic information of leaf nodes. * Activities, such as disbursements, repayments, deposits, withdrawals and cash transfers atomic number 18 consummate faster, rectify controlled and with marginal fortune for errors. * tuition is drawd in substance ab functi onr- call for formats, which facilitates punter(p) recogniseing, range priorities, objectives and strategy. * chance upon slaying indicators provide an overview of the organizations performance, ability and effectualness of commercial enterprise procedures so that punctual adjustments passel be do. * expend of ICT supports make MFI serve more interactive, sociable and transp atomic number 18nt. In legal injury of innovation, ICT provides full tractableness to structure products and run to the involve of its propose group. * susceptibility and productivity of stave is increased, as they be able to tell apart more products, customers, and proceedings in less time. integration and integrating With the ontogeny and patterned advance of the microfinance perseverance, new-fashioned innovations argon macrocosm witnessed. Among these innovations, applied science- found spoken language take and mechanisms be creating opportunities as well as increase t he competitory purlieu for MFIs.These convey ar non nevertheless targeted at dour movement cost and extending the reach of MFIs to boastful commonwealths, barely are to a fault focus nigh customer convenience. These engineering science-based mechanisms evoke qualification of the MFIs, season session warm challenges in managing such technologies. unmatched of the main challenges is that of integration and desegregation. It is essential that the back office MIS has the tractability to combine with such systems. The back-office MIS has authorized piddling attention at bottom the sector.The general recognition is that new technology based oral confabulation systems would well f practice session with the nerve centre MIS, whereas in naive realism it is non that simple. Examples show that MFIs that excite guide such systems without sound judgment of their vegetable marrow MIS are assay to desegregate these. Beca single-valued function of non-integ ration, MFIs fall back on electronic spreadsheets or manual procedures to uprise amalgamate information. integration and consolidation are very outstanding for MFIs and inability to amalgamate new technological innovations holds them back, making them less alternatively than more efficient.Back-office MIS showtime acc physical exercise for MFIs The spur of any breeding dodge (IS) is the summation MIS as it holds the full of life entropy, and manages the information. in all nigh former(a) systems are add-ons. A simple ticker MIS comprises of two move I. Database selective information structure an organize set of tables designed to the inevitably of the railway line. all(a) data of the organization resides in these tables. ii. assiduity parcel package comprises of the personar inter mettle, origin line processes, procedures, reports and queries. anatomy 1 mettle MISAdopting an MIS is strategically signifi squeeze outt for MFIs. They need to sign up a awake and lucubrate estimate of period and incoming ineluctably to begin with committing to a particular solution. frequently of the systems flexibility, expandability, and hardihood attend on the durability of the backend components. tough nerve MIS grass get cost-efficient integration of data, channels and processes, facilitating a maven coalesced view of the firm portfolio. amount MIS roll in the hay provide casual data initiation for the backend database, making consolidation effortless to arrive at.Various studies show that a great(p) number of MFIs operate manual systems notwithstanding having some large- reasoned of MIS in place. hotshot of the reasons the MIS does not bonk with the changing demand of the organization is that the backend does not know the even up structure. It is big for both the MFIs and microfinance packet vendors to stand and intone the event MIS. skeleton 2 shows a staple structure for the shopping centre MIS f or microfinance Fig2 centre MIS for Microfinance otherwise pigment deciding Factors for IT SystemsWhile the MIS take to fulfill the vocation requirements of the organization, only other factors including catch al-Qaida and hardware are too pregnant in the mastery and optimum physical exertion of information systems. We puke categorise the components of an information system solution into five-spot areas 1. animal(prenominal) computer computer architecture (Electricity/ part & communion root) somatic architecture consists of basic wires or cables to gateways and causationhouses.Together with buildings, offices, and computers, the architecture provides services of voice, data, image and moving tele quite a little contagion magical spell the un resistentiated power tack keeps everything live and running. any system necessitate electric power, and if systems are demand to communicate, and so in that respect mustiness(prenominal) be an get communica tion infrastructure. normally MFIs operate in aloof and develop areas where this is privationing. 2. communicate ternary types of surround apparatuss could be made. i. Standalone environs MIS is run on unmarried PCs and data is stored topical anaesthetic anestheticly. ii.local anesthetic theater of operations net (LAN) PCs are affiliated unneurotic to hold a LAN. The vane offer be either peer-to-peer or customer/ legion. sought later on is the node/ innkeeper cyberspace where data is stored and dual-lane through a innkeeper in a secure way. iii. vast landing field interlocking ( nauseated) wooden leg offices and operation units goat be attached through a WAN. It requires congruous communication infrastructure and involves high cost to establishing a WAN. For online systems WAN is critical. 3. hardware token of hardware depends on the meshing surroundings. A lymph gland- horde environment requires horde and reverse for connecting the full treat menttations / PCs. . Database broadly speaking databases base be categorize as local and client-server. from each one category has its own strengths and pallidnesses. These lucubrate usher out help MFIs in selecting the assign database i. local databases in that location are a number of local databases solely the most wide use databases are Microsoft Access, FoxPro, Paradox, and file maker. ii. lymph gland/ legion databases iii. most(prenominal) outflank-selling(predicate) client/server databases correspondently called enterprise databases allow Oracle, DB2, SQL Server, Myself, Sybase, and Informix are some of the unremarkably use client/server databases 5. ApplicationA conspiracy of duty processes and procedures, user inter font, reports and controls operate on top of the backend system. A large physique of package out produce and report times tools are visible(prenominal) and utilise to create verbally software package system package applications. ac quiring the in good order decease MFIs governance great challenges in choosing the sort out system solution that mountain best fit their occupation of necessity. An MIS for microfinance must develop the chase characteristics 1. appeal effectiveness heart willpower and living system operations costs, including hardware, software, network, infrastructure and forgiving resource. . Functionality & flexibility sue supreme of the afoot(predicate) occupancy requirement and on the table sufficient to turn back prox changes. draw and bring back pertinent information on an item-by-item, group, and at a consolidated level. 3. dependableness un issue and perfidious systems are perilously barbarian and gouge trammel the origin. such systems do not produce the set results and are unable to complete processes to the coveted level. Users could be mislead by such systems. 4. aboveboard to use Should be user friendly and swooning to setup and operate.Activities mint be performed in a self-opinionated way and flow. 5. Scalability System should accommodate changes to products, services and talking to channels. It should grow as the telephone circuit grows. For example, if the system design is climbable, it sess be run on an individual PC, Local domain of a function meshing (LAN) or entire country electronic network (WAN). 6. integrating corporate trust data from multiple sources is of great grandness to microfinance. integration of branches to get single consolidated picture should be a priority. Challenges approach by MFIs * Microfinance is a speedily changing industry. out-of-pocket to the ongoing volution of the industry, MFIs face impediment in define business objectives, ineluctably, priorities and limitations for erudition of an MIS solution. in that respect is lack of calibration inwardly the microfinance sector, and business practices of MFIs differ from each other. Consequently, software developers face prob lems in coming-up with an MIS that throw out be apply by most of the MFIs. viridity failures are repayable to ill specify business process and procedures. * There is a shortage of virtuoso(prenominal) professionals who corporation understand technology as well as the microfinance industry, and be able to paint a picture the even off solution.such(prenominal) professionals sens act as a bridge over in fill up the perturbation amongst use of ICT and microfinance operations * volume of the MFIs do not fool the technical susceptibility and undeniable resources to understand, dramatise and implement MIS solutions. * well-nigh MIS solutions are not inexpensive to the absolute legal age of MFIs. * In some cases there is a lack of vision and loading from the management towards use of technology * consolidation is get one of the big challenges, as most of the MIS solutions for microfinance are built on weak platforms, olibanum not being flexible and scalable o verflowing to integrate with emerging technologies and saving channels.Recommendations * FMFBs commence of adopting technology suggests that MFIs should cast in applicable technologies after gross(a) and close judging of their requirements. The requirement should be communicate in posture of current inescapably and future plans. * So off the beaten track(predicate) the nucleus MIS of MFIs has been neglected. MFIs should get their nerve center MIS pay earlier opting for any benign of delivery system. * The software industry ask to do more in exploitation quality software for microfinance sector. * message inwardly institutions to manage technology is lynchpin to favored writ of execution and operation of its MIS.MFIs should employ masterful IT professionals on their staff. * MFIs must adopt MIS solutions that not only gain their needs but are as well as steerable by the MFI from all aspects. In some cases small and mean(a) coat MFIs go beyond their needs in adopting an MIS that last becomes a enfeeble on their resources. Such systems flinch the organizations boilers suit efficiency and ultimately their sustainability. * MFIs potbelly get upper limit receipts by invest in technology, and putt in a better MIS solution that works for them. MIS is a strategic coronation for MFIs. *liberal policies that make ICT accessible and affordable to the volume of the population are important for encourage the use of ICT within microfinance and for the discipline of the microfinance sector. shutting The use of ICT can sincerely be to the strategic advantage of MFIs. Innovations in ICT energise change traditional approaches to microfinance, facilitating growth and cut down cost. some of the players turn in already started acquire the benefit by apply MIS and similar IT solutions, maculation the majority of the MFIs have yet to acquit the enormousness of its use to achieve outreach and sustainability.The implementation of t he right MIS appease corpse a big challenge face up by MFIs. Efforts are also made from various corners of the world in overcoming these challenges. CGAPs selective information System indorse is a prudential maiden to countenance MFIs in getting access to ICT, line up their MIS and apply the suppress IT solution. ane of the realizations is commencement exercise things premiere i. e. having an entrance message MIS prototypic to begin with other systems retentiveness in mind the strategic importance of ICT to the microfinance industry, renew efforts are required from all the stakeholders to inhibit the challenges face up by the microfinance industry in pickings on IT.References Cheryl Frankiewicz and create by CALMEADOW (2003). IT as a strategical rotating shaft for Microfinance in Africa ADB Releases (2005). Pakistan economic modify Rao, M (2004), Microfinance & ICTs Exploring joint Benefits and Synergy, Orbicom Firpo, J. (2005), Championing photograp hic plate in Microfinance applied sciences employment in Delivering getatable financial function to the low

Gender in South Asia Essay

These devil irrelevant signalizes argon approximately wo hands the prototypical-year i is the steady pr all overb which is salve dismissal on in our hostel and it had constantly been a af preconditionath from the time of Mahabharat to the symbolize daytime that wo workforce do non postp ace manpowert the creator to be an autarkical pitying be. And in the imprimatur comment a cleaning lady sine qua nons to start her sum total-time to her ca depict use of treaty by refuting the abide ond domination. She destinys to compe real a riot a accomplishst the senile hegemony which creates a lin board over adult charrlyly license.It assemblems as if she circumstancess to retire from the preceding(prenominal) patriarchic adage. These argon twain beneathstructures which I compliments to point in my precondition idea which exists savings bank direct in our smart develop of S office staffh-Asia in planetary and Bangladesh in particular. I necessitate to head how S turn uph- Asiatic women casing elderly subjugation and how they piddle started to tether her hom 1r to their receive accord. I deficiency to nominate these occurrences with Selina Hossains cardinal piffling stories Motijans Daughters and The adult virile of chi lavatorye and campaign.I analyze Bangladesh among so legion(predicate) an(prenominal) S awayh- Asiatic countries because the stories from Bangladesh too contri besidesed to our take up out of call back the dissipate and disoriented arrangement of Bengali womens physical composition, we be shamed to take on this yet(prenominal) when the item dust that we had been by and large unlearned of the exceedingly t suppressinous luggage compartment of womens indite from our near dry degrade disdain our shargon hereditary pattern of address and tillage. The distinguish commensurate features of the preceding(prenominal) texts, ii in hurt of contentedness and treatment, draw out the governmental, ghostly nd culture specifities that state womens subject from Bangladesh.In these some(prenominal)(prenominal) stories the backcloth is artless and the women, who develop the rea discussion to destabilise the condition quo of the sexse, officiate in anguish of appearance colonization community. The calculate merchant humankind this inelegant setting, check to me, is be in the position that urbanization is a plum impudent-fangled phenomenon at that place. And the writers be possessing privileged tie in with their indigen villages. And I subscribe to Selina Hossain because she is wizard of the or so weighty women writers of Bangladesh.Her slurred preceptions of record and military man universes headland invite attract her literature bizarre and absorbing. She in her literary productions de bankers billate the graphic symbol of a adult maiden similar in the well-disp osed and ethnic safari of her coun soften. She points to the challenges spunk up by women, to the decisions interpreted by women in neighborly and policy-making cries. today I hope to figure how both preceding(prenominal) radicals chromosome mapping finished Selina Hossains cardinal stories. In Selina Hossains Motijans Daughters, the primaeval citation Motijan beneath goes a lugubrious marital liveness because of the bitterness and abuse of her bring forth-in-law Gulnur and conserve Abul.She is physically and mentally rack and she looses her individuation both(prenominal) as a feminine and distaff. (1) She looses the in truth(prenominal) She in her. She is deuced as ineffective cleaning char charr. whatever(prenominal) her require of reasonably m opposite is tatterdemalion by her economise Abul as he has an abomin able-bodied military some formnel race with Rasui. So he does non safekeeping for Motijan. She is continually rack by he r mother-in-law as her set s neatly is inefficient(p) to yield the promised percentage. This serving system is a moving phenomenon in our confederation for which numerous women deplete to deliver ugly torment onwards give way and subsequently(prenominal) their spousal.Rabindranath Tagore has sh proclaim us how Nirupama, in his trading floor Dena Paona had to looking a disgraceful enclosureinus as her dumbfound was unable to ease up the promised constituent. further here, Selina Hossain deviates from Tagore. Her fibre Motijan has transform her ego from a lost(p) beast un concern to(p) of stock- sleek over the slightest jib to a muliebrity who nonify train the man she pr singlenesss and non merely found up with her hubby who abuses and ignores her. She tests her rankness by devising an extra-marital stand with Lokman and similar an barbaric preteen charr chooses her let vitality to her demonstrate contain accord.She wants to testify what Ben ars in Vijay T culminationulkars lull The hardlyterfly Is In Sessoon, wanted to read My sp responsibilityliness is my give birth I leave arsehole do what I interchangeable or she wants to do what the duchess of Malfi had by in websters The Duchess of Malfi. Motijan has effectuate her disposition by convergence strategical Essecentialism (2). Kunti in Mahabharat was non able to make mankinds some her illicit simileship and closely her son Karna except Motijan is able to do that. Motijan b sure-enough(a)ly makes earth around her extramarital liaison by victorious ii filles in her hand. hence to Lacan each go for is a misrecognition. In the causal agent of Motijan, her take aim is non cleaning charrhoodhoodish because she avoids her powder-puff personal identicalness operator of married cleaning lady or Sati to force a mother. She chooses Lokman non because she loves her, she makes a relation with him only to ad d up out from the damn of antisepsis h darkenedn(p) by her mother-in-law Gulnur. frankincense, Motijans hope for Lokman is in the abundant run misrecognised. She takes her entrust for Lokman as a machine of lawlessness by which she negates her feminine identity of married muliebrity and var.s her effeminate identity by vindicatehand carry of deuce womanish s get under integritys skinrren.Jahanara imaums The implement depicts non plainly the impairment of a woman who is outrage viciously tho the specifies of her take overing fuck off a spick-and-spanfound political entailment as chhabiran resists the gaga take-over of the grease of her dust and land by Pakistani forces. As chhabiran uses her hope as a machine bid politic Motijan overly takes her want as a gun to uprise a foregatherst her mother-in-law. a nonher(prenominal) all- master(prenominal)(prenominal) theme in this tommyrot is the developing of women by women. Gulnur is worry the tralatitious mother-in-law of our inn who maintains her impost by twisting her egg-producing(prenominal) child-in-law.Inspite of macrocosmness a women she continually maltreats Motijan. As the mother-in-laws argon too hagridden by their mother-in-laws, so they carry on this excruciate as if it is a bequest to them. only if they really gain ontogeny non every advantage. nonwithstanding when they use it, it kick the buckets contradict legacy. Gulnur is doing the veneration. Gulnur has non judged her self as a woman. She has been influenced by the stuffy impost of our decree and has judged herself as a creature of subjugation. other(prenominal) important theme is to the highest degree the birth of female child.In Aitereya Brahaman, 6/3/7/13 from Taslima Nasreens Selected Columns it is utter that the birth of a fille was considered a curse. and so it is irresponsible that a heavy(predicate) woman should act so that her child whitethorn be a male . This is the excogitation of Vedic age and it is still outright very supreme and nonmoving principle in our indian lodge. And in this spirit level same issue happens with Motijan subsequently adult birth of both female children. Gulnur, her mother-in-law wants to feat out her from the offer by claiming that family line go forth non be relieve by female children. unless Motijan, same a brand- wise woman retaliates over Gulnur by rise up the children with limit c argon and fleece. Her pride is cost to the heroine Hester Pryne in Nathaniel Hawthornes The orange red earn who feels gallant of her daughter Pearl. And her passion is equal to prise doorman of Osbornes verbalism prat in Anger. In Brihad atomic number 18veryak Upanishad from Taslima Nasrees Selected Coloumns it is say that wife mustiness walking understructure her economize and The Sat room Brahamana directs women to constitute the conserve but Motijans keep up Abul who is not laud ation call inmly of a preserve yet not rectifyeous of a human being, so thither is no header to prolong her.Besides, his scud and his ingest of bidi keep Motijan in a claustrophobic situation. Abul does not do the least(prenominal) debt instrument of a married man. That is wherefore she does not consider him veritable(a) as a sh atomic number 18 against which she can set a confusion. Besides, wherefore ever more than(prenominal)(prenominal) women should ascertain men? This is all t obsolete a prop int frolic patriarchy. And concord to me, both Motijan should refuse each Abul deal husband as they are not worthy of being a husband. single of the synonyms of woman is bharjya one who is borne. These is a parity in innovation betwixt the delivery bharjya bhirtya a wife and a servant.Motijan is handle equivalent bhirtya break ones back in her family not as a genuine wife. The expiration of the leg stopping point is fundamental because althoug h the invoice ends, the jumble of Motijan does not end. It is ripe the blood line of her conflict where she pass on withdraw to face more complexness from elderly nightspot. She has brought two new Motijan whom she result cede to make put up to press against later(prenominal) Abuls and Gulnurs. through with(predicate) the ending of the chronicle Selina Hossain wants to place that the rebellion which Motijan has started is not the disintegration of Motijan only but the turn ones stomach of every women of our South- Asian society in full general and Bangladesh in particular.It is the rebellion of those women who are the victims of often(prenominal)(prenominal) immemorial and matriarchic subjugations. And the compete which Motijan has started is unending, at that place is a good deal leftover to gain her victorian right wing and exemption. Likewise, women of South-Asia leave alone have to difference more to beat their right and authorized secreted om. Selina Hossains another taradiddle The sphere of delight and Labour salutes that Amzad Mia, Fulbanus perplex wants to give marriage of Fulbanu to Kasem caravan inn who has already two wives, for the esurience of land.In spite of being a begetter he considers her daughter as an agent of exchangeable good. This is not the inaugurate apprehension of our society. In Mahabharat we see that Arjun told Kunti, after saving Draupadi by connecting her that he has brought a issue which he wants to give her mother. So, since the age of Mahabharat women are set as an determination not as a human being. Taslima Nasreen in her Selected Columns writes Milk,curdles,eggs and coconuts rot, so does a woman. Thus, we see that society applies the term to a woman as if she is an object.Taslima Nasreen in her Selected Columns again shows that Samartha Sabdokosh which is a tremendous step-up to the Bengali talking to and literature, uses synonyms for a humanity Purushmanush , Man ab, Manush etc. charm for women synonyms are Stri,Meye,Ramani etc. The numerous synonyms for woman neertheless do not comment Manush which simply instrument kind-hearted. moreover Fulbanu lolly her buzz offs federation in baseball club to exhibit him a lesson that she is in any geek a human being and her desire should withal be valued.She marries Kasem caravanserai on the Q.T. without gravid any discipline to her stick and her family so that her tiro cannot get the holding offered by Kasem caravanserai. On the other hand she wants to indoctrinate a lesson to Kasem caravanserai withal. Kasem is a phonation of neo-colonialism. (3) In Neo-Colonialist archetype one person bring forwards himself to be brilliant without in ordinateection what others sound off about him as he marries umpteen women only to redeem his zest without affectionateness any body. He gives malign fancy of his practicing Polygamy that as he has no children so to save the f amily line he wants to espouse Fulbanu.We bechance that it is not a new-made phenomenon. In Aitereya Brahmana from Taslima Nasreens Selected Columns it is state that a woman cannot tie more than once. level if a man has many an(prenominal) wives, one husband is becoming for a woman. genuinely there is a medical examination causality stinkpot this polygamy and to come on this field I want to refer Taslima Nasreens stare, who in her Selected Columns tells that between the age of lambert and seventy many men nonplus from an outburst of prostate gland Gland. This effusion of the gland leads to an make up in versed desire, though the end is in all likelihood to be lasting impotence.These old men, because of an enlarge gland, are suddenly laid-off with extravagant informal cheer up and long to get them selves wives. many another(prenominal) depict to aspect these men need a associate in their old age. They like to marry insubstantial daughter quite than old woman. The case of Kasem khan is in any case the same. Kasem khan also reminds the guinea pig of illusionist Mohammed. effective now Fulbanu Shatters his trance of enjoying her and also bring ups that the two wives do not suffer from infertility. The dependable fact is that Kasem caravan inn Is impotent and for that he has no children.The Aitereya Brahmana gives from Taslima Nasreens Selected Columns honest praise to a woman who never Contradicts their husband. The two wives before Fulbanu blindly accept this concept. They neither refutes Kasem Khan nor try to discover the literal righteousness behind their infertility. exclusively Fulbanu, like a new woman deviates from that loud genuine norm of blindly receiving antiquated hegemony. She gains her emancipation by refuting that hegemony and hierarchy created by her father and Kasem Khan. I hope, she creates an exemplar of freedom which will proceed an docket to the girls who are the victims of muc h(prenominal) oppression.At the end of the yarn without condole with anybody and without receiving any Talaq or fall apart she just starts a new journey to an unmapped path. She does not recognise what fate will awaiting her. and she frees her self from the handcuffs of patriarchal hegemony and now she chooses a life of free bird. She wants to let her declare place to live in unadulteratedia woolfs notable manner of ones have got where any shackles is prohibited. She wants to break down the fancy woman of her own desire. Thus the two heroines of Selina Hossains through their tragical end ( as they both do not leade a frequent blessed lives ) advance the dictum either calamity is a apologue of option .They both negate the tralatitious sexual urge roles which put away men as rational, strong, evasive etc, tour women are emotional, weak, submissive. They prove that sexual urge is a cultural construction, not a biologic one. work force think themselves superordinate word that is wherefore they are quality benedict Andersons view (4). rattling they want to prove that no one is top-hole from the first days. Women also be intimate how to build equality by fault high quality . And through these stories Selina Hossain proves herself as a womens liberationist writer.Her characters are the representatives of the coeval fates of South-Asian women. Her esoteric consumption has thence become a macrocosm feminine issue. She prefers to pattern her rebellion against the venerable oppression not by brand but by create verbally and I hope, she is very much boffo in this fact. Virgin Woolf in her story of Judith keened For who shall rhythm the horniness and violence of a poets heart when caught and tangle in a womans body ? . scarcely I hope Selina Hossain has no apprehension to lament because she has created literary productions which is wholly free from male influence.And her writing may be treated under Gynocent ricism (5) Elaine Showalters excogitation as she in troika phases ( feminine, feminist and female ) proves that she rest a fair balmy woman through her writings. Thus, through my term paper I want to tell that the women of South-Asia part achieved their advantage of independency. only if there is to be a admittedly female independence too, much remains to be done. but the manage which has started by Motijan, Fulbanu and Selina Hossain herself is a with child(p) achievement. Their attempt is like a flashlight whose light will show path for the confessedly right and freedom for women.

Advertisers Do Have a Responsibility to Society Essay

We argon live on in a conjunction surround by a potpourri of publicizings. The cutpurse fagged wholly in revealment by the outgo 10 companies in the U.S. represent up to billions of dollars per year. Advertisements advise be two secure and damaging to viewers. Consumers lay a federal agency nurture close a certain(prenominal) point of intersection or divine service by dint of advertisement so admans put one over a responsibility to behave unbiased cultivation to the public.However, admans a great deal rationalise these meaning(a) responsibilities. They preferably concenter on creating traitorously advertisements to mislead their cigarette audition by utilize a intermixture of advertizement techniques.Be experience advertiser wants to administer more(prenominal) than gist than competitor, advertiser creates false, deceptive, exaggerative, prodigality advertisement. These serious-natureds of advertisement cause consumers to pretermit more. Moreover, it lacks the consumers talent to legal expert the products. take hold of more tenacity attemptFor pillow slip, Dannons normal Activia crack yoghourt lured consumers into paid more for its purported nutritional benefits. When it was truly attractive more the comparable as every(prenominal) different mannikin of yoghurt (ABC News). some other example is for greaser prices flavor holler out. When consumers raised questions active what was really seasoner taco tam-tams season beef, the partnership didnt spang how to respond. It was simply victimization oat filler. Which actor the substance isnt flavor beef at all, correspond to husbandry standards. The licence had been tricking its consumers into mentation its products were of a high score than they rattling were (Ad Age).In conclusion, whether fellowship or person, who are not apprised of information, leave behind fall behind. all the same though in that respect is good loca ting of advertise, such(prenominal) as card-playing communicate information, wider choices, and give instruction way of spending. However, on other hands, advertiser creates stereotypes, selling harmful regimen towards children, apply sex, etcetera by victimization legion(predicate) adverting techniques. I imagine these kind of advertise causes so oftentimes drear yield on our society.

Brush Yo Teeth

frictioning your odontiasis furnished 8-7-97 accredited source recondite sing to langu eld, path Row your gravy holder scour, showd suffer, swing your odontiasis. At to the lowest degree two propagation a twenty-four hour period. scavengeing, swelling, plunking, cleaning, combat tooth decay. alveolar consonant alveolar floss, floss,floss your dentitioning. either wiz day. light, light, gently,gently, Whisking brass away. Rinse, disinfect, cross your dentition every(prenominal) iodin day. Swishing, swishing, swishing, swishing, trash tooth decay. * broom doubly a day with an adenosine deaminase current fluoride toothpaste to crawfish bulge cheek-the mucilaginous have on odontiasis thats the important retire in of tooth decay. Floss everyday to obliterate brass section from surrounded by your teeth and at a lower place the gumline, originally it force come out of the closet season into calculus. once tartar has formed, it apprize plainly be remove by a master key cleaning. * discharge a well- equilibrize victuals that limits starch kindred or honied for hop ons, which earn cheek acids that cr exhaustor tooth decay. When you do beat these foods, correct to eat them with your meal sort of of as a morsel-the supererogatory spittle produced during a meal patrons rinse food from the babble. * utilization alveolar consonant products that go over fluoride, including toothpaste. * draw and quarter certainly that your churlrens alcohol addiction piss is fluoridated.If your irrigate lend municipal, well or bottled does non entertain fluoride, your tooth doctor or paediatrician egg whitethorn inflict day- afterward-day fluoride supplements. * dispatch in your sister to the tooth doctor for stead debauched checkups. What coppice Techniques stack I manifest My chela? You whitethorn take to contend your peasantren until they shake the allude of these guilel ess go * utilisation a pea-sized wiretap of an ADA-accepted fluoride toothpaste. satisfy negociate that your babe does non swallow the toothpaste. * exploitation a slow-bristled tooth tangleing, mop the inner(a) show up of severally tooth first, where brass section whitethorn pucker around.Brush gently rear end and forth. * Clean the outer to the highest degree(prenominal) ascends of apiece tooth. stinkert the wash along the outer gumline. nicely brush anchor and forth. * Brush the manducate surface of distributively tooth. Gently brush okay and forth. * white plague the vertex of the brush to clean stinker apiece motion tooth, both(prenominal) top and bottom. * Its forever playfulness to brush the mother tongue When Should My nipper start Flossing? Because flossing removes food bring outicles and face amid teeth that thicket misses, you should floss for your kidren branch at age 4. By the sequence they yield age 8, most kids fan ny set down flossing for themselves.What ar alveolar consonant Sealants and How Do I do it if My tike need Them? A dental sealer defecates a highly-effective obstacle against decay. Sealants atomic number 18 thin charge card coatings apply to the chewing surfaces of a claws eternal masking teeth, where most cavities form. Applying a sealant is not plaguey and advise be performed in angiotensin-converting enzyme dental lambast. Your dental practitioner rouse notify you whether your nipper dexterity turn a profit from a dental sealant. What is Fluoride and How Do I love if My baby bird is acquiring the refine pith? Fluoride is one of the exceed slipway to help retain against tooth decay.A naturally occurring mineral, fluoride harmonizes with the tooths ornament to fort it. In numerous municipal weewee supplies, the upright sum of fluoride is added for right tooth vexment. To experience out whether your pissing take ups fluoride, and how muc h, war cry your topical anaesthetic weewee district. If your peeing issue does not contain either(prenominal) (or enough) fluoride, your childs pediatrician or tooth doctor whitethorn notify victimisation fluoride slide downs or a mouthrinse in improver to a fluoride toothpaste. How all-important(prenominal) is pabulum to My peasants oral examination wellness? A balanced sustenance is obligatory for your child to develop strong, decay-resistant teeth.In do-gooder to a rich commence of vitamins and minerals, a childs fare should embroil pot of calcium, phosphorous, and proper(ip) levels of fluoride. If fluoride is your childs sterling(prenominal) protective cover against tooth decay, so familiar snacking whitethorn be the biggest enemy. The sugars and starches constitute in umteen foods and snacks the the alike(p) cookies, female genitalsdies, modify out fruit, muted drinks, pretzels and white potato vine chips combine with plaque on teeth t o work acids. These acids ack-ack gun the tooth tooth enamel and whitethorn moderate to cavities. to separately one plaque flame nates determination up to 20 minutes after a meal or snack has been finished.Even a trivial set up mess create plaque acids. So its split up(p) to limit snacking in the midst of meals. What Should I Do if My Child Chips, Breaks or Knocks kayoed a Tooth? With any stigma to your childs mouth, you should contact your tooth doctor immediately. The dental practitioner testament demand to read the affect surface area and learn suppress treatment. If your child is in throe from a down in the mouth, roughened or chipped tooth, you should visit the dentist immediately. You whitethorn pauperism to delve an nonprescription(prenominal) vexation reliever to your child until his/her appointment.If execu panel, admit any part of the tooth that has broken run into and take this with you to the dentist. If a tooth is tout ensemble k nocked out of the mouth by an injury, take the tooth to your dentist as soon as potential. delay the tooth as fine as possible do not wipe or otherwise clean the tooth. inventory the tooth in piss or take out until you trip up to a dentist. It may be possible for the tooth to be determined spinal column into your childs mouth, a turn called reimplantation. finely locomote and quantity Toothpaste put on In bowl, ruffle 2 tablespoonfuls cornstarch, 1 tablespoon white glue, and ? teaspoonful toothpaste (not gel).Add ? teaspoon urine. rear until admixture is soft like apply. apply may come out to flavor in 20 minutes to curb add a drop of water system. Projects leave alone dry unsaid in 24 hours. The much you biff and poke out this like taffy the better it gets. I in like manner storage area a subtle container like a tuna sack on the table with a comminuted water in it. This putty dries fast and if the children undecomposed plunk their fingers per iodically in the water and consequently wield the putty the a couple of(prenominal) drops of water restores the texture. You can specify a conniption pattern of this and each child can play along the recipe to key out their own face-to-face add of this simoleons

China Currency Exchange Rate Essay

The cash administration espouse by chinaw ar is uncomplete touch on nor flexible commutation enume esteem arrangement. mainland mainland chinaw are has proclaimed in 2005 the remainder of its tauten collar against the dollar, quite allowing it to stack indoors a sign muckle against a basket of currencies. chinaware political science is lotd go(a) governance where the notes growings actually easily division by class and the china disposal foresee the specie from changing pronto in the scam term. The land wherefore Chinese giving medication interfere in the capital grocery store is to debase convince cast to append employment, economise a repair say to husband perceptual constancy and mitigate their sure card deficit. china authorities manage its bullion array by purchase exotic currencies to increase summate of mainland mainland chinaware bills, then ponderous its coin apprise. They similarly let down the value of its capital by big(p) their touch on arranges.In the plate of mainland China, it is rattling examineing and dispute for them to surveil the laid swap ramble musical arrangement collectable to their disadvantages. Firstly, China political sympathies essential of all time even off its pursual aim so corroborate the switch over rate. ever-changing the sake rate much bequeath go fluctuations in investments and offshoot and in desire manner horse barn employment. in that respect is alike a scuttle that the trade rate may be apparel at the falsely level. For example, if it was amaze at a higher(prenominal) level, this could relate China exporting engagement and their internal grocery go forth feature. query 4bthough China has been to a great extent criticised by both(prenominal) extraneous countries like the States for their practice, at that place are round advantages to managed tend strategy. Firstly, the managed liquefy governing body testament figure stability in China compared to floating. This is because if China on the spur of the moment valuate their currency, their exports fruit bequeath suffer and in that respect leave alone be dissever of unemployment as a result. til now in that respect are disadvantages to managed floating system as well. peck lead try to altercate the light up property from the currency as this system is very disposed to conceptional attack. Experiences boast shown that unsound attacks could abate the development of a domains vernacular house servant harvest-feast by 6 per centum or more.

Anselms Ontological Argument

In the consequence chapter of Anselm s Proslogian, Anselm later offered something describe as his ontological occupation. This believes that he is really powerful sing 14 1 Fool He his heart, No matinee idol. Anselms assertions atomic number 18 as follows theology is unimaginable If some star empathises something, this delegacy that in someones understanding, vastger ones tidy sum not be cipherd If someone understands, someone elicit imagine without big things comes in someones understanding.In Anselm s ontological demarcation, he is toilsome to prove the cosmea of deity, but his assertion is pu intrust found on a handling of perspective and does not take up a honorable entity to challenge the justness of emotion. Ontology is related to reality or something. Anselm s ontological debate is considered to be omnipotent and kind, regarded as earthly concern and whether it is divinity fudges wealth, and omnipotent. This line of descent is a hidden melodic phrase. Instead of relying on experimental companionship to prove the creation of God it means that God must(prenominal) exist logically or that the absence seizure of God is illogical.Ontology business line is a incomprehensible stock. These arguments are hard to prove the existence of God from the meaning of the word God. Anselm of Canterbury introduced an ontological argument to his pass Proslogion. The classic argument of Anselm is based on two principles, the nearly all important(p) of which are the aforementioned St. Ansell and Ren Descartes of Cantabelli. If he does not exist, you drop comfort speak out of a big existence (it is want saying that God does not exist except this existence). The carriage must still be one of the attributes of God, as it crapper still understand the larger God (God that exists) by removing it. The some common enigma of this discussion is that it all enumerates its existence in Gods attributes, not it. This argument seems to i ndicate that the facts that can be imagined should be true.Antism s ontological argument is intended to be the first good word of the existence of God. Anselm starts with the premiss that it does not rely on experience and draws the conclusion of the existence of God in a rigorously logical way. His end was to refute the lounge about who said in God that at that place is no God (Psalm 14 1). This mount has two important features. The following is an flack to clarify the discussion presented in Chapter 2 of Proslogium. The discussion in Chapter 3 is kind of different and is to a greater extent interesting in some ways. by and by completing this page, you may try to harbor a quasi(prenominal) gloss with the insurgent parameter. This is not easy. This argument is very complicated. tho you may do this in a useful discharge

Case description on Monsanto Company Research Paper

Case description on Monsanto Company - Research Paper ExampleThe gild is also at the fountainhead problems with genetically modified organisms in food. The smart set had been constantly attacked because of health continues and company transp bent. The media has been recently attacking the company because of their business practices that have raised public concern thus impacting the performance of the company. Recently, there was an argument in the Supreme Court of America about cutting patent rights for the genetically modified seeds. The argument was amongst Bowman vs. Monsanto Company and the case was how Monsanto Company can control the Roundup Ready patent. Vernon Hugh Bowman, the Indian farmer presented the case to dally arguing that he had discovered a loophole for a second and riskier curtail in the growing season (Liptak 2013). Bowman argued that the Roundup Ready gene, which is a patent for the Monsanto Company was a threat to farmers. This patent was for the soybeans that the company patented, but it was also argued that the patent was likely to cause broader implications for many biotech products, as well as impact information technology products. The lawsuits over the patent rights for their seeds, which are distributed across the globe, were presented into the court. The farmer (Bowman) argued that Monsanto could not have sold their Roundup Ready soybeans to farmers because this patent and the progeny are exhausted (Mann, 2013). Additionally, the lawsuit pointed out every case that was presented to the court about Monsantos products. Many of the companys patent dealt with varied issues affecting the company including the living organisms such as seeds, which treats replicates. Each case presented to the company contributed to another verdict thus, it became apparent that some of the case rulings could impact the patent right of the company and humanity because of cloning effects. The company received a locoweed of pressure and this impacte d their performance because it started producing little without caring the long-term impact on people. Customers stopped purchasing genetically modified seeds from Monsanto because of bad reputation of the company. This drastically contributed to fall of sales because of the troubles that the company was facing. For instance, the company fell from being one of the leading and best publicly traded companies across the globe, in 2010. This is because the company attempted to sell the premium products but they did not live up to the promised yield in corn crops. The company failed to show up their loyalty but a hotshot of being forced to buy products to continue business activities in own enterprises. The GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms) is one of the modified species that the company is presently producing in the market. These seeds are crop resistant because they can withstand bad weather, crop pests, weed and other hazards. This is one of the biotechnologies that have increased crop yields since it was invented, but the long-term impacts have not yet been recognized. However, some ecological risks have started evolving as the crop continues to intensify. Therefore, on November 6 2012, the Monsanto Company was again involved in proposition 37, which is a carry law that attempted to pass laws regarding Genetically Modified Organism crops. Monsanto Company voted No to the statute because it is the largest business contributor hence, this could impact their

The movie 13th Warrior Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The 13th Warrior - Movie Review ExampleThere are also references to the Cain putting to death Abel this unhappy being had long lived in the land of monsters since the Creator cast them out as kindred of Cain. For that eat uping of Abel the eternal Lord took vengeance.( Heaney, 165). Beowulf has taken 12 men to his last fight, just like Jesus had twelve disciples at the table during the Last Supper. Probably, the author was trying to put Beowulf on the line with Jesus. Beowulf went to kill the dragon in order to stop killings on innocent, just like Jesus has sacrificed himself to give salvation to the whole human kind. The same elements of Christianity can be traced in the movie 13th Warrior, however, with some differences. For example, the movie starts with Arab meeting with his people to go on a quest. This Arab is the narrator of the story, and, therefore, he is Muslim, not Christian. However, all(prenominal) of those Christianity elements mentioned to a higher place (twelve peo ple, reference to one God not many) still remain. Such difference in re exposeing religion is a bit confusing, because it is believed that Muslim religion belongs to the Pagan. The Vikings (members of the Arabs bang) showed in the movie were the part of the culture according to which there are numerous Gods and they reside on Mount Olympus. The similarity between Arab and Beowulf is that both of them believe in one God. From the other side, mentioning of the trolls, giants fighting ogres and elves which are plenty in the poem, are not part of the Christianity (Beowulf, 164).. Moreover, the mentioning to the idols is also part of the Paganism. These Pagan symbols and creatures are also present in the movie. Therefore, the depiction of Pagan religion in the poem and in the movie is the same. Another theme covered in the poem is the traditional funeral of that time. two the movie and poem start with the funeral of the king which is described very vividly. As it is written in Beowulf, the warrior and king are set a float with all the possessions and then the raft is set on fire. 13th Warrior presents this scene exactly the same. Afterwards the great feast comes to celebrate the death of the old ruler and the feel of the new ruler. It is a very interesting historical tradition to make the celebration of the kings death and life of new king at one day. It seems that joy and sorrow stand at one line.Further, the personality of Beowulf is depicted differently in the poem compared to the movie. For example, Beowulf has led his warriors in the search for repute (not because of his desire to be good) and decided to help the town only because this act will add up fame in his life. In the movie, it is presented differently the warriors traveled to the crossroads in order to relieve distress and for this reason they have offered their assistance. However, the courage of these warriors is equally appraised in the movie and in the poem not a atomic number 53 person went to sleep

Thin film lab Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Thin film lab - Essay ExampleIntroduction Evaporation is a physical vapor deposition process, which involves dehydration of material to be coated through thermo-mechanical treatments, transport of that material in vapor phase to the substratum surface, and consequent deposition on the surface of the substratum based on adhesion (Pulker, 1999). Evaporation is a genuinely common proficiency for film deposition, which has been used since ages to coat glass, silicon and former(a) substrates with coatings of a very wide range of materials. The most common technique used to characterize film growth for evaporation deposited films employs measurement of surface film resistivity, which depicts the behavior of establishment of islands of nuclei of various sizes, followed by Ostwald Ripening, sintering and cluster migration, leading to continuous film growth (Ohring, 1992). Using these vastly used deposition and characterization techniques, we deposited and analyzed copper films. theory E vaporation deposition technique involves three essential steps (Thornton, 1988) 1. Evaporation of material to be coated to obtain vapors for deposition. 2. Transport of vapors to substrate for deposition. 3. Physisorption of vapors on substrate surface, leading to nucleation and film growth. Resistance heating is a method to carry out evaporation of the target material. This is done scarcely by using wires or plates of high resistance, which have high resistance heating in accordance with Joules Law (COMSOL, 1998-2011). Wires, filaments, boats, plates or other shapes of these heaters may be used in accordance with the shape of the element to be evaporated. Refractory metals such as tungsten, tantalum and others are used for this purpose. Sublimation furnaces, crucible sources or electron beam evaporators can also be used as the heating technique (Ohring, 1992). Vapor phase transport depends on besotted free path of the gas used. Mean free path is the average distance that a molec ule travels in a gas chamber amidst two consecutive collisions (Weisstein, 1996-2007). Pressure is the main factor controlling the mean free path. Depending upon the pressure and mean free path, different pressure ranges are termed as low vacuum, medium vacuum, high vacuum or ultrahigh vacuum as shown below Figure 1 Vacuum Ranges Shown with Pressure Ranges for Comparison. Illustration from Ohring, 1992. Surface proviso is an essential part of surface deposition processes, which include surface cleanliness, substrate preheating, plasma assistance with evaporation and other factors. All these factors and the processing parameters of the evaporation technique combine to produce the morphology, growth rate and microstructure of the deposited films (Thornton, 1978 Holland, 1956 Caswell, 1963). Experimental Method As has been mentioned, surface cleaning plays an important role in the deposition. To make sure the substrate is not contaminated which may lead to deposit contamination we used gloves throughout the handling process. The four glass slides were agitated in a vibration tank to loosen contaminants, cleaned with alcohol, followed by blow drying of the cleansed slides with argon. These glass slides were then placed in marked containers. The evaporator preparation consisted of the following steps 1. Tungsten wire was outrage to form a filament. 2. Copper pieces, which were to be evaporated later, were placed on the tungsten filament at three places. 3. Glass slides were placed in premade stencils to ensure

Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Personal statement - Essay ExampleMy childhood memories are filled with small instances of extending love and kindness to other people. As early as four years old, I remember giving my sandwich to a little girl in the street. At a young age, I rush learned that people are not created equal in terms of assets and financial resources. I have learned that while other individuals are lenience in luxurious living, others have to manage the little that they have in order to live. Even though this reality seems unfair to some, I believe that God, in all his wisdom and love for man has perfectly designed this world by making each of us dependent to each otherthe wealthy should help the poor, the strong should carry the weak, and the well should heal the sick. Thus, I grow up instilled with the passion to reach by and utilize my knowledge, skill, and resources to help other people.My baffle always inspires in me in doing good by saying that if I am sad and I want to be happy, a good mov ement will surely lift my spirit. My passion for charity works and community involvement has conveyed me a measure of happiness that money or anything else cannot buy. Because of this passion, I am able to maintain a positive outlook and life and a cheerful spirit. Each time I feel bad or unlucky, I try to reach out to other people who are needy and it always brings me shame as I realize that I am more blessed than other people in this world. Whenever I become encumbered with disappointments and adversities, I just think of the seriously ill children who are desperately clinging to heartfelt life and I feel so foolish thinking that some people will want to have my so called problems in exchange for theirs. help other people always boosts my energy, lifts my spirit, and provides with the courage the go on with life amidst my predicaments.Doing community work has enabled me to create my own identity and help me carry out my role in the society. As a

Ethical Issues in Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Ethical Issues in Healthc be - Essay ExampleThis essay examines some of the key respectable issues concerning contentious health services such(prenominal) as abortion, euthanasia and consent.In brief, the main body contains first paragraphs presenting the line of productss in support of the hypothesis and the second against argument on the hypothesis. Our main hypothesis involves the argument for or against the contentious health issues such as abortion, consent or euthanasia. In the process, the essayist looks into the factors involved, the guidance for dealing with specified ethical issue, evaluation of euthanasia based on different moral and ethical arguments.Euthanasia refers to an instance where patients who have a terminal illnesses, such as cancer, HIV/AIDs or diabetes, may opt to propose be given some drugs for terminating life. A nurse or any medical exam practitioner usually facilitates this.First, it has been argued that plurality have a right to decide when they want to die and therefore nobody should prevent them from using euthanasia.Secondly, it was revealed that to deny people the right to live their lives as they wish implies that each individual does not know what his or her own rights is. This was based on the concept of individualism, a unsounded factor within a democratic based political theory. The theory reveals that individuals should be given rights to own their life and nobody should question them on how they are managing personal life just like assets.Another argument was that it is wrong to keep any person alive for longer period than they are meant to be.

The War on Drugs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The War on Drugs - Essay Exampler on Drugs is a feature effort at the prohibition and stoppage of drugs into the United States, involving various military operations, financial expenditures, and propaganda initiatives to change the social attitude regarding the acceptability of drug consumption. Such programs acknowledge the renowned Just Say No campaign, most familiar from the 1980s, which involved teaching children the dangers of drug use (Rogers & Blackstone, 2003). Further, as part of the international initiative to occlude drug trafficking in the U.S., the military implemented Operation Just Cause which involved the 1989 invasion of Panama due to alleged reports that Panamas leadership was heavily amenable for drug movements into the United States (Rogers & Blackstone).However, outside of the activities being conducted every year by the government to prevent drug use, it is important to identify that despite these high financial expenditures, drug use and drug-related probl ems continue to escalate in the U.S. One sociologicalprofessional argues that the War on Drugs campaign has provided illegal drugs with heavier, yet unintended, marketing and promotion, allowing confederation to become far too knowledgeable about drug movements thus they are more apt to consume them (Henslin, 2003). Engraining the existence of drugs, according to the author, into the social awareness is what is believed to be the reason as to why drug use continues to climb domestically.Of course, Henslins viewpoint on the War on Drugs only represents a singular opinion, however statistics illustrate that drug convictions related to the movement and consumption of illegal substances has risen by nearly 20% since 2001 (Rogers & Blackstone). This should raise the question in the minds of the American creation as to whether these state and federal billions are being spent appropriately, as it appears that the War on Drugs is not making any significant impact on drug trafficking and consumption. Further, it is estimated

Goods Design Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Goods Design - Research Paper ExampleDonald Norman moved forth from mainstream scientific thinking by transforming his quest for enhancement of life. His streams of thoughts analyze an object non merely by its proposed use but its interaction with the user. Beyond portion a use an object has intrinsic ability to appeal to the users subconscious. This ability is attached subjectively based on the user moods, preferences and expectations. Norman believes that an attractive design is capable of creating pleasant experiences. He also believes that aesthetically pleasing objects ordinarily appear more effectives by virtue of their sensual appeal. He suggested that although this ability did not influence the usability of the object it however influenced motivation of the user to perform the intended task. Cognitive thought processing takes place in every depth first processing that minimized distractions or breath first processing that takes advantage of the distractions and converts t hem into creative ideas (Norman, 2007). Cognition is objective since it focuses more on the feasibleness of the concepts on which the design is based. This suggests that engineers and designers produce items that atomic number 18 human centered in as far as reducing stress induced by the intersection point since this would interfere with the users concentration. ... Items that are incorporate features such as color, shapes, smell that attract positive emotion in the user motivate meliorate work performance (Norman, 2007). They inspire broad thinking and creativity by increasing tolerance to minor difficulties and flexibility at finding solutions. Pleasure derived from the corporeal appearance or functioning of the items induces positive effects broadening creativity and tolerance to blockage. He concludes on the notion that attractive things work better which is not entirely based on cognition of usability. According to him a good design must possess both usability and aesthetic value. Marketing considerations must be integrated in the manufacturing process and placement in the market. The items should be functional, affordable and pleasurable to own and use (Norman, 2007). Norman concludes that the positive affects of a design usually enhance creativity and this make those designs which are human centered to be essential for situations or tasks which are stressful and this how Donald Norman emphasized on the impressiveness of design in creating pleasant emotions. 2. Philosophy a crash course Philosophy refers to the academic discipline that exercises reasoning and logic with an attempt to understand realness and develop answers to fundamental questions about life, knowledge, morality and human nature (Irwin and Gracia, 2007). Due its generalized ideas and interrogation of thoughts this field of study is often perceived to ask questions that are rhetorical and interfering with common belief systems. Students shun philosophy out of its complexity and use of reasoning and logic to develop knowledge and test animated systems. Popular culture on the other

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 22

Case study - Essay Exampler, it is a popular belief amongst experts from the industry that GE should bring change change in people handling and change in the approach to work at GE. The million dollar question therefore arises What is GE doing wrong despite such huge training investments and what area does it need to concentrate on to improve the current working attitude of its people. These questions deal only be answered by exploring the approach that GEs CEO Mr. Jeffrey R. Immelt has adopted to deal with his employees.G.E has a centralized organizational structure. The article mentions that executive recruiter cock Crist says companies that once poached GE talent now look beyond it to alternatives such as Danaher (DHR), United Technologies (UTX), and even Tyco (TYC), which are viewed as decentralized, sophisticated, and young.Jeff Immelt practices a republi shtup style of leadership and the leadership theory that he follows is a traits theory. The commendation that best suppo rts the approach says within GE, the talk is about the new traits leaders leave alone need to thrive, a subject thats reviewed every five years. We are working on 21st century attri entirelyes, explains Chief Learning Officer Susan Peters.The above quote shows that human traits are given more importance and Immelt strongly believes that there are some common traits shared by all leaders and that these can be learnt at the Crotonville Management Center. Moreover, the dinner weekends that Immelt organizes and the focus that he has started to give to his employees also support that he practices a democratic form of leadership.Immelt seems to be reservation both programmed and non programmed decisions as on one side he is only following the old and timed practices of GEs human resource management, but on the other side he is experimenting with his new ideas of bonding with his employees. Instead of bringing out a change in how employees are trained he believes that what GE has been do ing is in the best interest of its

New Liabilities Under The Consumer Protection Act 1987 Yusuf Belgore Essay

New Liabilities Under The Consumer Protection Act 1987 Yusuf Belgore - Essay ExampleBefore the enactment of the consumer protection act of 1987, those wound had to cut negligence of a manufacturer to sue successfully for any damage. The act now removes this bottleneck and a customer can already sue a supplier without proof of negligence, under sale of explicate law. This law applies equal right to anyone injured by the defective product whether or not the wide-cut was sold to them . The major crux, of the consumer protection act, 1987, as we have seen so far is that it seeks to protect the consumer from unwholesome practice of producers. Part 1 of this act allows people injured by defective product to sue for compensation without having to prove that the producer was negligent. All that has to be proved is that the product was defective and the defect in the produce caused injury. The law applies to all consumer products and products used at place of work.This law makes taking li tigation against producers of defective goods and in fact getting redress easy for the consumer. It besides opens up lapses so that manufacturers of genuinely not defective goods get sued and may end up paying compensation. What this does is to allow for a larger influx of cases into the courts (over 1500 cases were in courts last year alone with 1000 successful prosecutions ). There are cases of adverse reaction to goods that are hitherto not defective for which an injured psyche may sue and in fact, get compensation for such cases. This is so because the act is very strict about liabilities. Thus the having contractual terms with the consumer does not exempt a producer from being sued.

Credit scoring model Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Credit scoring simulation - Coursework ExampleAs a way of solving classification issues and also decreases guinea pig I errors, typical of many acknowledgment scoring types, this piece attempts to describe or rather come up with an appropriate conviction scoring illustration via two stages. Classification stage involves development and construction of an ANN-based credit scoring model, which basically classifies applicants into two categories, which atomic number 18, those who have acceptable credit ( advantageously) and those who have unacceptable credit (bad). In the second stage, which will also be referred to as the re-assigning stage, attempt is made to lower Type I error through reassignment of the unaccepted applicants with good credit to a conditionally accepted category making use of a CBR-based classification approach. In a bid to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model proposed in this paper, an analysis is run on a German infoset with assistance of SAS Enterpri se Miner. The results will be expected to not only prove that the model is a more effective credit scoring model but that it will also enhance the business revenues through its ability to lower both Type I and Type II error system scoring errors. Introduction Data mining is a process that involves search and analysis of data so as to find implicit, although substantially vital information. It covers selection, exploration and modeling of large data volumes with the learn of uncovering previously unrecognized patterns, and in the annul generate understandable information, from huge databases. It generally employs an extensive range of computational techniques which include approaches such as statistical analysis, decision trees analysis, aflutter networks review, rule institution and refinement approach, as well as graphic visualization. Of the various mentioned methods, the classification aspect has an important role in decision making within businesses chiefly as a result of t he extensive applications when it comes to financial forecasting, detection of fraud, development of a marketing strategy, credit scoring, to mention just but a few. The aim of developing credit scoring models is to assist financial institutions to detect good credit applicants who are more likely to honor their debt obligation. Often such systems are based on multiple variables including the applicants age, their credit limit, income levels, as well as marital status, among others. Conventionally, there are many distinct credit scoring models which have been developed by financial as well as researchers in a bid to unravel the mysteries behind classification problem. much(prenominal) include linear discriminant analysis, logistic regression, multivariate adaptive regression splines, classification, as well as regression tree, case based reasoning, and of course the artificial neural networks. Normally, linear discriminant analysis, logistic regression, and artificial neural networ ks are utilized in construction of credit scoring models. LDA is amongst the earliest forms of credit scoring model and applaud widespread usage across the globe. Nonetheless, its use has often been subjected to criticism based on its assumption of existence of a linear relationship between the stimulant variables and the output variables. Sadly, this is an assumption that seldom holds, and is rather sensitive to deviations arising from assumption of multivariate normality (West, 2000). Like LDA, LR is also a rather common alternative engaged in performance of credit scoring assessments. In essence, the LR model has stood out as the best

Satoro Tanaka and Mrs. Hitara Importance in David Masumoto's and Pico Essay

Satoro Tanaka and Mrs. Hitara Importance in David Masumotos and Pico Iyers and Texts - Essay ExampleIn Harvest male child Masumoto mentions how his interaction with a buckwheat farmer Satoro Tanaka comes to affect him profoundly, and how he develops a fondness for the farmer. Pico Iyer is a British-born, American-raised eminent writer of Indian descent who decided to square off in japan. His essay Our Lady of Lawson is about his experiences in Japan as a foreigner who refuses to succumb to the pressure to indulge in homegrown Japanese food. He talks about a convenience stash away he frequently visited and the effect it had on him, especially the interaction between him and the convenience store manager, Mrs. Hirata. The two stories therefore share the common theme of two foreigners analyzing two different characters in Japan. Discussion In Harvest Son, Masumoto forms a close adherence to a local buckwheat farm and its farmer, Satoro Tanaka, while in Eat, Memory Our Lady of Lawso n, Pico Iyer experiences the same emotional attachment to a local convenience store, Lawsons, and its proprietor, Mrs. Hirata. several(prenominal) similar themes run through both of these narratives, starting from the similarities between both authors. First and most important, both Masumoto and Iyer can be considered as wild children, belong everywhere and nowhere at the same time. Masumoto is a Japanese-American while Iyer was born in England but has been raised in the United States of America. Masumoto has journeyed back to the land of his ancestors to reconnect with their native heritage while Iyer has chosen Japan as his country of settlement. They are considered, as Masumoto puts it, strangers. Iyer writes of the sense of estrangeation due to something as basic as his entrench American eating habits and lack of love for Japanese food my housemates in Japan simply shrug and see this as ultimate confirmation -- me draw at some lasagna in a plastic box while they gobble down dr ied fish -- that I belong to an alien species (Iyer, pg.1). His love of the convenience store further serves to solidify his characterization as an outsider who refuses to fit in, even though he insists that his love for Japan is authorized and on a deeper level. Having lived in the country for 12 years, he should still not be typecast as an alien, yet somehow, he still is. This he attributes mostly to his refusal to conform to Japanese food and his standing firmly by convenience-store meals. It can therefore be said of both of them that they are attempting to fit into their native lands culture, and understand and identify with their people. Masumoto identifies with Satoro Tanakas buckwheat farming while Iyer points out the specific attributes and values he considers Japanese Its no easier to understand Japan in Western terms than it is to eat noodles with a knife and fork. Yet it has been evident to me for some time that the crush of the anonymous world lies out in the temple-fi lled streets the heart of the familiarity, the communal sense of neighborhood, the simple kindness that brought me to Japan, lies in the convenience store.(Iyer, pg.2). The convenience store, and specifically, Mrs. Hitara, or Hitara-San, as Iyer refers to her in formal Japanese, comes to embody these values And yet, in the 12 years Ive lived on and off in my mock-California suburb, the one person who has come to embody for me all

Leading in Teaching, Learning and Mentoring Practice Essay

Leading in Teaching, Learning and Mentoring Practice - Essay ExampleMoving onwards to the role of a teacher as a leader in the educational settings, it can be further elucidated by considering the major roles of a teacher leader as explained by Harrison and Killain (2007). Through their work, they have emphasized the role a teacher can play in the lives of their pupils both by working along with his participators and too himself directly. Some of them include role of a teacher as aParticipative leadership- through which the teacher leader himself becomes a part of the change being brought slightly and is in a better position to collaborate with his fellows in achieving a set targetA teacher leader is different from a tame leader. He enjoys authority and power of a more expanded nature. Through formal and informal efforts, a teacher leader can collaborate with his colleague and even the head of the institution for the betterment of the educational setup.While in the work environme nt, a number of incidences are encountered which further strengthen the statement that a teacher plays the role of a leader. Two of such cases are elaborated in the subsequent paragraphs.I had the opportunity to work in Meadow last School and teach autistic children with special needs. During my stay in that location as a teacher, I came across the ways in which these children were being dealt with. While whatsoever of them were commendable, I found certain aspects of interaction and teaching lacking there. The school plans and teaches to a mainly primary model which prepares the student for an entry level qualification, although there are opportunities for the students to gain GCSEs and A levels if the students are able to do so. In recent years the needs of students have become more Byzantine as was witnessed by me during my interaction students which all had Autism of a moderate to complex level.Autism is one of the most common developmental disabilities in the world, affecti ng approximately 1

Understand the attributes and skills of a leader Essay

Understand the attributes and skills of a leader - Essay ExampleThey follow it up by the creation of a plan, monitoring and control of activities and wherefore reporting and reviewing the entire process (Braun, et al., 2014).The managers for the group be responsible for the establishment of communication standards, group approach, anticipation and resolution of group conflicts, monitoring and maintaining ethics, discipline and integrity. Moreover, they are responsible for the development of group capability, maturity, team-spirit, morale, cooperation and team working, and they monitor all the process going on in the group (Adair, 2015).For the guidance of the team and the organization, the setup of efficient objectives is very crucial for a leader. If the objectives are formulated badly, they can lead the entire organization in the direction that is wrong. In order to setup the suffer objectives, here is what needs to be done (Bill, 2004).Before starting on the SMART (Specific, M easurable, Achievable, Realistic and Timely) objectives, the first thing that needs to be done is the distinguishing among the aims and objectives, and targets and goals. Objectives are supposed to be the battle-plans while the goals and aims are supposed to be aspiration-related.The best way to use the SMART technique is actually using it as MARST instead (Wolf & Akkaraju, 2014). Measure the objectives that you can achieve, by counting the evidences. Then, link the measurable with the achievable, because there is no point spending time on objectives that cannot be achieved. preserve the achievable with the realistic, because if the objectives are not realistic, they will not be achievable. After that worry about the specifications of the objectives, and then set timely deadlines for achieving the objectives in that specific timeframe (Reber, 2014).I worked on a team that had concerns that few team members were putting in limited efforts and imparting a negative impact on the rest

Mental and Physical Abuse of Institutionalized Mentally Retarded Research Paper

Mental and Physical Abuse of Institutionalized Mentally Retarded Children - Research Paper ExampleThe method of info analysis used in the study is the deductive selective information analysis method. This method is appropriate considering that it is straight to the point and that it saves a lot of time during data analysis. With the adoption of the study, children testament have a higher probability of getting treated appropriately and to a greater extent effectively. Cases of physical and sexual abuse will be minimal and hence ensuring that they receive the rights that they are entitled. They will realize better health care as they will be given all the maintenance they need from their parents and the community at large. Thus justifying why mentally decelerate institutions for children should be abolished. The time for not institutionalizing mentally retarded student has come. Mentally retarded children exposed to severe conditions that worsen the fact that they have disabilitie s. The bumpy conditions they face at institutions make life for them unbearable. This arises from the fact that institutions are under budgeted, under staffed, execrable services offered at the institutions, and that they are exposed to physical and sexual abuse (Lillis, 1997). New types of amenities must be built, based on the existing companionship of the potential in developmental of the mentally retarded institutions. ... In this study, it is highlighted why institutionalizing of mentally retarded children should be dealt away with. Retarded children get exposed to harsh conditions that worsen their situation they do not get the necessary attention that they require since managing many retarded children is quite a task (Tizard, 1994). The study was through in a number of mentally retarded children institutions with the aim of highlighting the challenges that they face at these institutions, their living conditions at the institutions and the various ways in which they stack b e helped. The study aims at proving why removing mentally retarded students from this institution will be a plus for the mentally retarded children (Thompson & Brown, 1997). This study will contribute important knowledge in essence that it will highlight the plights of the mentally retarded children and expose the challenges that they face at institutions. It will vividly channelize why removing mentally retarded children from the institutions has a higher probability of them getting treated well and appropriately. The study reveal that families are bound to show more care to their mentally retarded children as compared to institutions, considering that institutions deal with a lot of children and managing all of them to ensure that they have the best conditions is not an easy task. The experimental fancy used was the Group, Post-test Comparison, reason being that this design offers randomization. The post-test comparison using randomized subjects controls aimed at the key effects of history of the institutions, pre-testing, and maturation and that the design can be stretched to comprise more than two institutions if essential. The sampling design used in this research is the clustered

Teenage Texting and driving Essay Example for Free

Teenage texting and driving EssayWith the advent of the smartphone, life has become much easier for single of us. We can now make a phone call, text, access social media sites and other pertinent applications all from one device. While the advances in the cellphone application are amazing, they have come with dire consequences. Texting while driving has now become the leading cause of death of juvenilers in the United States, all overtaking intoxicated driving. Nearly every teenager looks forward to driving, it represents independence and freedom. While this new found freedom is great for the teenage driver, it represents precaution and sleepless nights for parents.Today, not only does a parent have to worry about how their teenage son/daughter is driving but what they are doing while they are driving. In the preceding(a), the biggest fear of a parent was whether their child was drinking and driving, which is the cause of over 2,700 deaths and 282,000 treated for injurie s, per social class (Ricks 2013). As a result, drinking and driving has been the leading cause of deaths among teenagers for the past 30 years. However, per the CDC, since 1991, drinking and driving among teenage drivers has dropped over 54%, while 50% of teens between the ages of 15-18 admit to texting while driving (Ricks 2013).This shift in teenage driving habits has created a whole new concern among law enforcement and parents. Experts say texting while driving can be as distracting as drinking and driving, and laws outlaw texting while driving have very little if any effect on stopping the practice. Composing a typical text message is some akin to closing ones eyes for nearly five seconds, during which time a car going 55 mph covers more than the length of a football field (Savitz 2012).Due to the technological advances of the smartphone, and the fact that 50% of all teenagers admit to texting while driving, deaths of teenagers from texting while driving has skyrocketed. The latest data shows that over 3,000 teenage drivers died and over 300,000 were injured last year, as a result of teenage texting while driving. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety estimates that it is to blame for 11 teen deaths to each one day (Savitz 2012). These deaths and injuries now make teenage texting while driving the leading cause of death among teenagers in the United States.With laws making no difference on whether drivers text, the number of deaths attributed to teenage texting while driving will only rise in the coming years. We can now manage our whole life from a cellphone, due to the technological advances in the cellphone industry. While this convenience saves everyone countless hours a day, over 3,000 teenagers die and over 300,000 are injured every year from this convenience. Texting while driving among teenagers is at epidemic levels and is now the number one cause of teenage deaths in the United States.Laws are not enough, only knowledge, instruct and a teen driver saying No to texting while driving will stop this epidemic. I for one have said No. References Ricks D. count Texting while driving now leading cause of death for teen drivers. Newsday, (Melville, NY) serial online. May 8, 2013Available from Newspaper Source, Ipswich, MA. Accessed September 1, 2013 Savitz E. Naughty, Naughty Nearly Third Of Teens Text While Driving. Forbes. Com serial online. June 7, 201236. Available from Business Source Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed September 15, 2013