positives and negative effects of the fashion - 1420 Words

Positives effects of fashion We can argue whether or not the fashion industry has more of a positive or negative effect on people of today, regardless we can agree that the fashion industry has grown to become very popular and influential. It seems as if everyone is trying to pursue a career in this field. Here are 10 positives of the fashion industry. 1. New designs- designers are able to create new designs for those people who have a love for fashion. It is an enjoyment they feel when seeing a new trend get started because fashion is unpredictable. 2. Discovering new talents- It is always a refreshing to see a new and creative designer come into the spotlight. Fashion is a very competitive industry and at times trends are†¦show more content†¦Stealing, robbing, and use of other ill means to become fashionable is not uncommon among youth today. Non-Conforming: Fashion craze makes people non-confirmist. Just to prove them different and unique, they adopt any style. Fashion is Outward: Albert Einstein always wore the most old and worn-out clothes. Once he said that â€Å"If most of us are ashamed of shabby clothes and shabby furniture, let us be more ashamed of shabby ideas and shabby philosophies.... It would be a sad situation if the wrapper were better than the meat wrapped inside it.† Clothes are also the wrapper of our inner self. They can project us in a negative or positive manner. Sometimes people interpret others in a wrong way because of their outward appearance. Fashion Victims: The terms fashionista or fashion victim refers to someone who slavishly follows the current fashions. Many young girls and boys follow certain fashion in the same manner without thinking whether it looks good with them or not. Fashion Changes: Fashion, by definition, changes constantly. The changes may proceed more rapidly than in most other fields of human activity (language, thought, etc). For some, modern fast-paced changes in fashion embody many of the negative aspects of capitalism: it results in waste and encourages people qua consumers to buy things unnecessarily. Mignon McLaughlin, in The Neurotics Notebook, 1960Show MoreRelatedTraditional Marketing Is No Longer Working1055 Words   |  4 PagesWe can see every day thousands of adverts, through various media channels. But we are already tired of this overexposure and this traditional marketing is losing its effect. What’s new? The marketing world is changing from traditional advertisements towards finding new methods of reaching consumers in a non-aggressive way. Its really important that the evolution of technology has created new opportunities for marketers, and blogs are one of the key points of this new age. Thanks to the introductionRead MoreHow Fashion Blogs Use The Language Of Evaluation1745 Words   |  7 Pagesdevoted follower of fashion blogs, which allows me to read about the very latest fashion from local, national and international sources. Fashion bloggers need to be very knowledgeable of trends and upcoming events if they want to inform the public of these. For fashion bloggers the purpose is not to write essays like magazine articles but short paragraphs evaluating trends and events. Here I will attempt to discuss and demonstrate how fashion blogs use the language of evaluation. Fashion bloggers needRead MoreThe Negatives Of Fast Fashion747 Words   |  3 PagesThere are many large companies that we see every day, many fashion garments that we buy monthly, weekly or daily, and many people cannot seem to deal with how we manage to get clothing from India, China and Bangladesh and into our day to day lives. 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Some countries also control the entrance of foreign companies which would also affect the process ofRead MorePest Analysis of Gap Inc1171 Words   |  5 PagesPEST Analysis for GAP Politics Globalization has been a current trend to every industry which also includes the apparel and fashion industry in which is due to the construction of import international facilities and establishment. It has been noted that when products are traded, regulations and policies are present. With these regulations and policies, company’s operations may be impaired. 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From the fashionable silhouettes of the 1920’s to the colorful 60’s, hip-hop look of 90’s up to the modern twist of today, social change and change in fashion has, in theory and practice, been linked. According to ask.com, Fashion can be defined as a prevalent style by a particular group at a particular timeRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Women1659 Words   |  7 Pageswant to believe it or not. Body dissatisfaction is defined as â€Å"a negative subjective evaluation of the weight and shape of one’s own body†. (Eating Disorders). Body dissatisfaction is very common in women, but more in young girls. The media portrays women as a prize or an object, making our youth feel they have to look a certain way to be accepted or liked. The media today needs to stop objectifying women and start promoting positive self-image. In the 1950s around the time Marilyn Monroe was livingRead MoreThe Globalization of Culture: Cultural Homogenization1707 Words   |  7 Pagesmonoculture common to all. While this may be a harbinger of unity and relatedness among all people of the world, it also damages the unique cultural identities they once took pride in. This paper discusses the effects of globalization on culture, along with its positive and negative effects. Since the effects of globalization on culture are non-exhaustive, it is attempted to incorporate a few of the most significant ones. The origins of globalization are also discussed. I. Globalization—Towards a HomogenousRead MoreThe Price Of The Pants1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthere either; the fashion industry is also responsible for the destruction of land and even the deaths of individuals who work in the production segments. The purpose of this paper is to explore how fast fashion affects markets and environments, while attempting to increase awareness of the consequences low-cost product and labor generate. Want the look but don’t like the price? The solution is fast fashion. 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Inside The Mouse Essay Example For Students

Inside The Mouse Essay Disney World places social controls on its visitors and workers in many ways. Disney is a very large corporation and has the power to implement these controls. The major forms of social control that I found were; consumerism, security, technology, location, conformity, and standards of behavior. Through these forms of social controls, Disney is able to control its visitors and workers. Consumerism at Disney starts before the visitors even get to Disney World. The consumerism starts with the pictures in the brochures. Selling the visitors on Disney World even before they get there. Showing pictures of happy families enjoying themselves at Disney World sells the idea of a safe and nice vacation to the visitors. When the visitor finally arrives at Disney, they are bombarded with products that have the Disney logo on them. Selling the visitors official Disney products. The products sold at Disney symbolize the goodness that Disney possesses. When the visitors purchase these products of memorabilia, it gives them the identity that they are good also, just like Disney is. If the visitors identity is good, they will feel safer at Disney World. This leads into the next form of social control at Disney World, security. Visitors to Disney World very rarely hear about accidents or crimes committed there. As Karen Klugman says in the book, Unless you live in Orlando and watch Channel 6 or know someone who works at the parks, you have probably never heard of any problems (104). I personally have never heard of any problems at any of the Disney parks. Having only been to the park in Orlando and the park in Tokyo, Japan, I felt very safe at both locations. This could be because Disney is a very safe place or that the news never gets out. I would imagine that the news never gets out past the cities the parks are located in. By keeping the parks safe, Disney gives the visitors a very good sense of safety. Disney is able to control its own environment for the visitors. It is a very powerful and rich corporation. There is always a Disney staff member around to help with minor accidents. If a child falls and scraped their knee I am sure, that Goofy or Mickey is right around the corner to help comfort the chil d. When Disney staff do this it gives the parents a greater sense of security for their children and themselves. With information booths and staff running around everywhere in costumes the visitors feel safe, especially the visitors with children. When Disney staff do this it gives the parents a greater sense of security for their children and themselves. With information booths and staff running around everywhere in costumes the visitors feel safe, especially the visitors with children. If a child gets separated from their parents, it will not be long before the child is returned or kept in a safe place until their parents are located. These are some of the reasons that Disney is a safe and pleasurable place for a family vacation. There is no perceivable danger to the visitors in a trip to Disney World. The world of technology also affects the visitors and workers at Disney. Through great advances in technology, Disney is a safe and almost crime free environment. With the use of surveillance cameras and new technology for rides and other attractions, Disney is a fairly safe place. There are surveillance cameras on the rides to ensure that unruly guests will not exit or disturb the attractions. With this technology making the environment inside Disney safer, the visitors feel safer. The technology at Disney also keeps dishonest and delinquent employees out of trouble. I am sure that the employees are watched as much if not more than the visitors are. If an employee decides to wonder off and take a break on the clock or skim a little amount of money out of the cash register someone will notice. This gives not only the employees a sense of a safe environment to work in; it also gives the visitors the same feeling. If the employees at Disney are honest and accountable, the visitors will feel safer being there. .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f , .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f .postImageUrl , .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f , .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f:hover , .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f:visited , .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f:active { border:0!important; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f:active , .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufe79fa026da92d576e951ffe57fb443f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Communication within groups EssayAs described in Inside the Mouse, when a visitor is on the bus going to Disney they do not go through downtown to get there. The bus takes the scenic route to Disney. By making Disneys location away from the city, in a scenic and pleasurable place the visitors almost get the sense that they are in another world. The location of the Disney parks, in a pleasurable place, makes the visitors forget about their worries. The visitors feel safe in this utopia, not having to worry about the daily routine of life or work. The placement of the parks by Disney had to be strategically planed. The nice sunny and tropical environments, lying on the beach , staying at a leisurely resort, these all give the visitors a new identity, a care free identity. By having a worry and carefree environment for their visitors, Disney invokes a sense of security and safety. This pleasurable environment with a sense of safety influences the choices of the visitors to return to Disney, most will return. The social controls of conformity and standards of behavior go hand in hand. When the adult visitors enter Disney World, it takes them back into their childhood years, influencing their identities. The adult visitors ride the rides and eat cotton candy, just as they did when they visited the park as children. It gives them a carefree and fun identity. They conform to the standards of behavior of having fun and being happy. The children that visit the park do not have to conform to these standards because the standards are already set at the childrens level. Disney is one of the most powerful and rich corporations in the nation and can easily control the visitors through these social controls and norms set upon the visitors. Disney gives the visitors a safe and secure environment to take their family on vacation, influencing them the whole time. Based on the book, lecture, and discussions I would have to choose public governmental institutions to regulate future social environments. The use of private corporate institutions is becoming too wide spread in America today. Corporations control everything in our world, from transportation to amusement parks to public gathering places. When corporations control our world there is no sense of national pride, and the people give up their rights as citizens of a country that is ruled by corporations. Corporations can make their own rules and regulations and enforce them however they please. If things are ran by the government, a sense of equalization is achieved. There are equal rules and regulations for everyone everywhere. The people have rights under governmental control, rights to keep themselves safe and secure. Under the control of corporations, the people lose these rights to the corporations. Giving the citizens less control over what they do and how they do it. The corporati ons tell them what they can and can not do, through corporate manuals and guide books. Although most people feel safer in a corporate controlled environment, they do not realize that they are giving up these rights. They give up their rights for the sense of safety, but in reality, their lives and identities are only being manipulated and influenced by the corporations. I believe that the public governmental institutions where equality id the baseline, is the best and only choice to regulate future social environments based on the ideas I have presented. Legal Issues Essays

Critical Analysis of Colleen Burke’s ‘Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness A Metaphor of Jungian Psychology’ Essay Example

Critical Analysis of Colleen Burke’s ‘Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness: A Metaphor of Jungian Psychology’ Essay The article by Colleen Burke titled Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness: A Metaphor of Jungian Psychology is well written, insightful and instructive. The author draws on parallels between the works of two great intellectuals in the form of Joseph Conrad and Carl Gustav Jung. Although Conrad and Jung were not contemporaries, one could see striking resemblances between the theories proposed by them. Indeed, Conrad preceded Jung by a generation, yet there are strong analogues to Jungian Psychology to be witnessed in the works of Conrad, most accessible in the novella The Heart of Darkness. The rest of this essay will delve further into this assertion, by way of underscoring the valid rationale presented by Colleen Burke in her article. Access to Jung’s views on Africa is to be found in his personal memoirs of his travels within the continent. In his classic memoir Memories, Dreams and Reflections, Jung expounds on the mysteries of African wilderness to that of its political and social institutions. In his observations, Africa is a ‘place of darkness’, where primitivism, barbarism and wild nature have suppressed the development of finer civilization. Jung contends that for the European explorer, the novelty and shock of this experience is not merely intellectual and cultural, but rather goes deeper. It is no less than an encounter with his/her own primal unconscious that the European experiences. We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Analysis of Colleen Burke’s ‘Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness: A Metaphor of Jungian Psychology’ specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Analysis of Colleen Burke’s ‘Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness: A Metaphor of Jungian Psychology’ specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Analysis of Colleen Burke’s ‘Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness: A Metaphor of Jungian Psychology’ specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We find in The Heart of Darkness too that the African journey of the protagonist Marlow is symbolic of his journey within. And akin to the chaos and expanse of the African landscape, the inner world of the European individual countering Africa comes across as a dream-world bordering on the surreal. For example, â€Å"both Jung and Conrad experienced Africa as a dreamscape, slipping from the physical to the metaphoric in a trance-like state.† In Memories, Dreams, Reflections, Jung notes while in Kakamegas that he was unsure if his perception had shifted from dream to the reality or vice versa. Likewise, the central character of The Heart of Darkness, Marlow, talks about his ambiguous feelings thus: â€Å"It seems to me I am trying to tell you a dream — making a vain attempt, because no relation of a dream can convey the dream-sensation†¦.† (Conrad, as quoted in Burke, 1996). Hence, it is evident that both Conrad and Jung held analogous views on the interconnectedness of the rich African geo-physical tapestry and the inner-depths of individual sub-consciousness. Moreover, the timeless, ethereal and primordial feel of the African cultural experience is a metaphor for the alienation of the subconscious self from outward manifestation of personality. What both Conrad and Jung are hinting at is that the cultural constructs carried by Europeans are fragile indeed, easily shaken by the powerful forces lying within the Dark Continent. Further, both authors suggest an evolution of consciousness that accompanies a journey deep into Africa. This evolution is said to enhance and enrich the psychological life of the subject. Beyond the affect on the mind and the psyche, there’s also the potential for spiritual growth. In the case of Marlow, the journey is â€Å"the archetypal myth dramatized in much great literature since the Book of Jonah: the story of an essentially solitary journey involving profound spiritual change in the voyager. In its classical form the journey is a descent into the earth, followed by a return to the light.† Again, this perspective is present in the works of Jung as well. We also find manifestations of Jung’s concepts of the anima and animus in the narrative of The Heart of Darkness. These two primary anthropomorphic archetypes of the unconscious mind are clearly evident in the descriptions of the motives and actions of Marlow and Kurtz. Colleen Burke’s thesis is strengthened by the fact that both authors in discussion draw upon their personal subjective experiences of Africa as much as from objective interpretation. While this may go against norms of scientific enquiry, probing into the sub-conscious terrain is best accomplished through subjective/personal expression. This strong parallel between the works of Jung and Conrad, further supports the stated thesis. The other theme persistent throughout the works of both authors is that of ‘darkness’. This word is subject to wide range of interpretation, as it represents the enveloping darkness of the swamps of Congo as well as the resident evil of individual consciousness. It could further be interpreted as the political intrigue and chaos that has engulfed the continent ever since European imperialism got established. This notion of ‘darkness’ articulated by Jung also shows up through references to ‘shadow’ in The Heart of Darkness. As Burke notes, â€Å"the word ‘shadow’ itself postulates the illusory nature of this unconscious assertion of evil; a shadow is a reflection of reality rather than substantial reality. But it is no less dangerous, for the archetypal; shadow in the unconscious spins the illusions that veil the conscious world, leaving the individual out of touch with reality†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Burke, 1996) Hence in conclusion, in the face of such compelling evidence showcasing the analogue between the postulations of Conrad and Jung, it is difficult to find antithetical positions to Colleen Burke’s thesis. Perhaps, if there is one area she fails to address, it is the misplaced sense of European ethno-superiority that is obvious in both Conrad and Jung. But beyond this, Burke accomplishes what she sets out to do, namely, to find the metaphor of Jungian Psychology in Conrad’s masterpiece The Heart of Darkness. This achievement should stand the test of time and further critical scholarship on the subject. Works Cited: Colleen Burke, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness: A Metaphor of Jungian Psychology, 1996. Jung, C. G. Memories, Dreams, Reflections. Trans. Richard and Clara Winston. Ed. Aniela Jaffe. New York: Random House, 1989. Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness, New York: Dover, 1990.

Nanao Sakaki Profile of the poet Nanao Sakaki

Nanao Sakaki Profile of the poet Nanao Sakaki Nanao Sakaki grew up in Japan, came to adulthood as a drafted radarman in the Japanese Army during World War II, and after the war became known as a poet and friend to American poets, a wilderness walker, environmentalist and counterculture leader, founder of the Tribe and Banyan Ashram.The following is excerpted from our correspondent Taylor Mignon’s 2002 portrait of Sakaki written for the About Poetry Museletter: Yaponesian Global Guerrilla Poet Nanao Sakaki: If you have time to chatterRead booksIf you have time to readWalk into mountain, desert and oceanIf you have time to walkSing Songs and danceIf you have time to danceSit quietly, you Happy Lucky Idiot I first met Nanao Sakaki in 1993 at the Kyoto Connection, an eclectic event of the arts headed by Ken Rogers, managing editor of Kyoto Journal. At that time I was editing the bilingual literary journal, The Plaza, and I asked him if he could send work. Though he never sent anything - it could be difficult to pin him down sometimes as he’s such an inveterate wanderer - I’d often go to his reading events. Renaissance Wild Man: Nanao, a walking collective call of the wild man, commune cofounder, scholar of languages and aboriginal culture and tribal traditions, troubadour to hang out with, lover of ’shrooms and the herbs, movement maker, The Tribes, homeless (except for the cabin in Shizuoka), green guru guy, activist, translator of haiku, mantra sutra rapper using the 5/7/5 syllabic meter.... Nanao is also better known in the US than in his home Yaponesia. My poet friend Kijima Hajime, a Walt Whitman scholar, didn’t know about Nanao since he’s more associated with the Beats and the Hippies.... Japan’s first Dead Head? â€Å"Break the Mirror†: So Kijima included Nanao’s poem â€Å"Break the Mirror† in the bilingual booklet Over the Oceans: Contemporary Poetry from Japan (Doyo Bijutsusha Shuppan Hanbai, 2000), which he re-envisioned for both English and Japanese versions. Also in 2000, Blackberry Books, Nanao’s main publisher in English, put out an anthology of writings on him entitled Nanao or Never: Nanao Sakaki Walks Earth A, by such as authors as Gary Snyder, Allen Ginsberg, Joanne Kyger and myself. Blackberry Books also published Nanao’s poetry volumes Break the Mirror (1996) and Let’s Eat Stars (1997). â€Å"Let’s Eat Stars†: His poetry is infused with homegrown, funky, direct appeal. The first poem (untitled) in Break the Mirror tells us - not didactically - to take it easy. â€Å"April Fool’s Day† in Let’s Eat Stars is sharp-tongued in the eighth stanza: To make schooling more efficientThe Ministry of Education wantsthat all grammar schools junior high schoolsshould be reorganized into three categoriesA, Elite course.B, Robot course.C, Dropout course. He has also done English translations of haiku by Kobayashi Issa in Inch by Inch: 45 Haiku (La Alameda Press, 1999), which has the Japanese and English printed in Nanao’s script. With Gary Snyder: In Yaponesia his main publisher is Studio Reaf, which publishes the activist journal Ningen kazoku (â€Å"Human family†) - in 2000 Studio Reaf released a video of Gary’s reading selections from Turtle Island and Axe Handles followed by Nanao’s translation - Gary Snyder: Sing the Mother Earth, in Shinshu, 1991. The Japanese language Kokopelli is a collection of poems containing the poem Just Enough† in several languages, including Ainu, Ryukyuan, and English: Soil for legsAxe for handsFlower for eyesBird for earsMushroom for noseSmile for mouthSongs for lungsSweat for skinWind for mind Books by and about Nanao Sakaki: Break the Mirror, poems by Nanao Sakaki (Blackberry Books, 1996) Let’s Eat Stars, poems (Blackberry Books, 1997)[]Inch by Inch: 45 Haiku by Issa, translated by Nanao Sakaki (La Alameda Press, 1999) Nanao or Never: Nanao Sakaki Walks Earth A, edited by Gary Lawless (Blackberry Books, 2000)

Ethics of disaster planning and response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics of disaster planning and response - Essay Example This will ensure that the solutions and decisions are culturally acceptable (Schroeder, 1997). I had not considered the fact that offering donation and aid when a disaster strikes brought about value competition and complications. The assumption was that there were no conditions in offering aid but it was strictly an altruistic act on the part of the donors which means they wanted nothing in return and thereby abiding to the values and culture of the locals they have offered to support but according to Schroeder (1997), there are usually conflicting national public policy and standards of justice when responding to disasters. The western countries which come to assist the locals with disaster response come with their values and standard of justice which they use as a condition to offer aid which the locals claim is not fair. They insist that the diverse opinions of both the donors and recipients of the donation that have experienced the disaster must be taken into consideration before making any final decisions. Schroeder, K. (1997). Disaster Declaration and Response. In Jenson, E. Disaster Management Ethics (pg. 57-66). Retrieved from:

Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 26

Compare and contrast - Essay Example This fact is illustrated in the medical field in CT scan services. The CT scan machines were offering the same product and in the long run, they became unprofitable venture. This is due to the prices declining as many identical products are continually being introduced in the market. Farmers’ market is a good example of competitive market structure (Hubbard, p450). Competitive monopoly on the other hand has dominating firm(s) that control prices unlike in perfect competitive markets. Both market structures have many buyers and sellers and the entry to these market systems are considerably similar. The entry to the both market structures is significantly easy. The only difference is the product being sold. In competitive market, the products are similar in all aspects while in competitive monopoly, the products are differentiated. Starbucks and other coffee houses compete in a competitive monopolistic market structures. They offer the same products but adequately differentiated (Hubbard, p465). Competitive monopolistic firms also offers prices that are greater than their marginal costs. In the short run, competitive monopolistic firms should have marginal revenue below its demand curve to realize profits. In the long run, competitive monopolistic firms make profit if their total revenue is greater than their total costs (Graph B1 and B2). Oligopoly differs from competitive monopoly and competitive market structure in the ease of entry. Entry into oligopoly market structure is considerably hard because of the barriers of entry present in the market. Companies like Microsoft and Google fall in this category. New firm venturing into this market experience stiff competition among other barriers and its survival is barely minimal. This because, Microsoft and other firms in this market structure have economies of scale and there are also several governmental imposed barriers to such

Elasticity Paper Essay Example for Free

Elasticity Paper Essay Introduction A consumer walking through the grocery store intent on purchasing the necessary ingredients for a peanut butter and jelly sandwich notices the prices for all brands of peanut butter are higher than expected. Will this consumer choose to not purchase peanut butter and buy bread and jelly only? By raising the price of peanut butter the retailer risks selling less bread and jelly in addition to reduced peanut butter sales. If the same consumer went to another grocery store and found only one brand of peanut butter priced higher than the others, the elasticity principle of substitution will apply. The consumer will pick a different brand of peanut butter and follow his original plan to purchase bread and jelly. Complementary Products Complementary products are, goods used in conjunction with other goods (Colander, 2013, pg.136). The law of elasticity in relation to complementary products shows that when the price of a product increases or decreases it will have an impact on the demand for complementary products, in this case resulting in lower sales of those products. In the example above the desired meal is a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. The elasticity in the price of peanut butter will force the consumer to spend more money and buy the peanut butter with its complementary products of jelly and bread. If the elasticity of the price increase is too great for the consumer and the consumer chooses to purchase tuna fish, jelly manufacturers will see reduced sales. Manufacturers and retailers must understand the relationship between their products and the complementary products of their product. Another example of complementary products is an ink jet printer and the ink cartridges (Living Economics, 2013). The l aw of demand states that when the price of an inkjet printer falls, then the quantity demanded will rise. When consumers purchase  more printers, then more ink will be purchased. On the other hand, when the price of the printer increases, quantity demanded will decrease leading to fewer printer purchases, also leading to a reduction in ink cartridge purchases. In both instances when prices increase consumers will look for substitute products. Substitute Products Demand for a substitute product is determined by timeframe, the degree of luxury, and the importance on ones budget (Colander, 2013, pg. 130). A substitute is a good with a positive cross elasticity of demand. In practice, this means that its demand will increase when another products price increases. For example, Coke and Pepsi represent major rivals, and when Coke introduces a price increase, the need and demand for Pepsi will increase. Consumers will substitute when one product in competition with another chooses to increase their price, as shoppers typically choose the lower price. â€Å"The more substitutes a good has, the more elastic is its demand† (Colander, 2013, pg. 131). Some consumers will agree that generic store brand products easily replace more expensive name brand products. When the prices for name brand products rise, consumers will switch to the generic brands in order to save money. The demand for the name brand products is very elastic at that point. Conclusion â€Å"Cross-price elasticity of demand is defined as the percentage change in demand divided by the percentage change in the price of a related good† (Colander, 2013, pg. 136). The result of positive cross-price elasticity is represented by goods consumers substitute when their desired product is too expensive. Consumers will find substitutes for most products, and competition is a good thing for consumers. When the result of cross-positive elasticity is negative, complementary products will see a decrease in demand for those products. Reference Colander, D. C. (2013). Microeconomics (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw- Hill/Irwin. Living Economics, (2013). Complements and substitutes. Retrieved from http://livingeconomics.org/article.asp?docId=289